Ilizarov surgery, named after the Russian orthopedic surgeon Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov, is a specialized surgical technique used in orthopedics for the treatment of complex bone fractures, limb deformities, and limb length discrepancies. The Ilizarov method involves the use of an external fixation device, known as the Ilizarov apparatus or Ilizarov frame, to stabilize and gradually correct bone and soft tissue abnormalities.
Limb Length Discrepancies: Ilizarov surgery can lengthen or shorten bones to correct discrepancies in limb length caused by congenital conditions, growth plate injuries, or other factors.
Complex Fractures: The Ilizarov method is particularly effective for treating complex fractures that are difficult to manage with traditional methods, such as open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). It allows for stable fixation and alignment of fractured bones while minimizing soft tissue damage.
Limb Deformities: Ilizarov surgery can correct angular deformities (such as bowlegs or knock-knees) and rotational deformities (such as twisted or malaligned bones) by gradually realigning the bones over time.
Nonunion and Malunion: Ilizarov surgery can promote bone healing and union in cases of nonunion (failure of a fractured bone to heal) or malunion (healing of a fractured bone in a misaligned position) by providing stable fixation and promoting bone regeneration.
Bone Defects: The Ilizarov method can be used to reconstruct bone defects resulting from trauma, infection, tumor resection, or congenital abnormalities by stimulating bone growth and regeneration.